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21.9.07

Pobreza extrema



INDÍGENA = INDIGENTE = INDIGNO



(Buenos Aires, 20 de setiembre) Pareciera una medida de épocas excepcionales, únicas, pero de ello no se trata; casi todo lo contrario, confirma décadas de inmutable desidia gubernamental de distintos palos políticos sucesivos, en una América latina donde los ricos cada vez lo son más y los pobres desfallecen marginados. ¡Oh, casualidad! Los aborígenes se encuentran entre las multitudes que padecen la crisis crónica.

La Corte Suprema de Justicia Argentina ordenó al Estado Nacional Argentino y al Estado local de Chaco, provincia ubicada al norte de ese país, proteger al pueblo originario toba, etnia a la que pertenecen doce ciudadanos muertos en los últimos meses por desnutrición. (Se consigna aquí que por supuesto la Constitución o Carta Magna es muy clara respecto de los derechos igualitarios de salud, educación, vivienda, trabajo y alimentación para todo habitante del suelo argentino. No se conocen antecedentes de funcionarios públicos enjuiciados ni mucho menos encarcelados por haber faltado a tal deber de garantía, aunque existen probados antecedentes de muertes a causa de inanición, a la que llegan familias completas, con integrantes de distintas edades.)

El máximo tribunal de Justicia exige el inmediato "suministro de agua potable, alimentos y medios de transporte y de comunicación adecuados para cada uno de los puestos sanitarios en crisis", otorgando un plazo de veinte días para la recepción de un informe sobre las comunidades indígenas "en emergencia extrema, con necesidades básicas insatisfechas".
Esta resolución responde a un proceso iniciado por la Defensoría del Pueblo de la Nación, en representación de las comunidades indígenas, de las cuales una treintena está "al borde de la muerte".

Delegados de esos ciudadanos argentinos habían aclamado: "Nunca más un indígena con hambre, nunca más un indígena con desnutrición. No nos acostumbramos a la exclusión y al racismo. Solicitamos la emergencia sanitaria y alimentaria para frenar cualquier flagelo expansivo que comprometa la vida de los indígenas y de la población en general". Recordaron el caso de Mabel Pino Fernández, quien fue internada en el Hospital Perrando, "traída por particulares, ante la inacción del Estado, con cuadro de tuberculosis, y fue dada de alta sin un seguimiento médico adecuado para evitar el deceso".
Desde el inicio de la ola de frío, a principios de julio, murieron al menos doce aborígenes por tuberculosis. El Centro de Estudios Nelson Mandela, especializado en derechos humanos, encontró en un relevamiento que sólo en Villa Río Bermejito hay 92 desnutridos. Los aborígenes del Chaco son más de 60 mil -casi el 10 por ciento de la población total de la provincia- y comprenden las etnias tobas o qom, wichís y mocovíes. Los más numerosos son los primeros, que habitan especialmente en la zona selvática tropical El Impenetrable.

Ahora la Corte Suprema consideró en su medida cautelar que, si bien "no es de su competencia abordar este tipo de cuestiones, la gravedad y urgencia de los hechos denunciados determinó la adopción de medidas conducentes que tiendan a garantizar la eficacia de los derechos y evitar que estos sean vulnerados. Ése es el objetivo fundamental a la hora de administrar justicia, y de tomar decisiones en los procesos que se someten a conocimiento de la Corte, sobre todo cuando están en juego el derecho a la vida y la integridad física de las personas".

Foto: mujer toba (agencia oficial Télam).

canta Clauria Pirán (San Juan)

Antiguo dueño de las flechas (Indio toba)
Letra: Félix Luna Música: Ariel Ramírez

Indio toba,
sombra errante de la selva,
pobre toba reducido,
dueño antiguo de las flechas

Indio toba,
ya se han ido tus caciques,
tus hermanos chirihuanos,
abipones, mocovies . . .

Sombra de kokta y noueto,
viejos brujos de los montes.
No abandonen a sus hijos,
gente buena, gente pobre . . .

Indio toba,
el guazuncho y las corzuelas,
la nobleza del quebracho,
todo es tuyo y las estrellas.

Indio toba ya viniendo de la cangaye,
quitilipi, aviaterai, caguazu, charadai,
guaicuru, tapenaga, pirane, samuhu,
matara, guacara, pinalta,
matara, guacara, pinalta . . .

Indio toba no llorando aquel tiempo feliz,
pilcomayos y bermejos llorando por mí,
campamento de mi raza la América es,
de mi raza de yagüareté.
Es la america, es . . .

Toba dueño como antes del bagre y la miel,
cazador de las charatas, la onza, el tatu.
Toba rey de yararás, guazupu y aguarás.
El gualamba ya es mío otra vez,
otra vez, otra vez . . .


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